A Divas Reputation for Aretha Franklin - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theDivas Reputation for Aretha Franklin and Diana Ross. Answer: The article intends to talk about the different issues that are engaged with framing the notoriety of Fairouz as a Diva. A diva is a very capable lady. The term was recently used to allude the stars in the dramas. With the adjustment in time, the term has started to be utilized to allude other melodic kinds. Presently it has a progressively broad implication to allude the amazingly capable female performers. Entertainers like Aretha Franklin, Diana Ross, Patsy Cline and Madonna have all been named as divas, alongside some other ladies. These entertainers are presumed for their melodic ability and elegance just as their way of life and exhibitions (Urkevich 2014). A portion of these divas partner extraordinary ability however touchiness and hazardous characters. This is presumably the motivation behind why the term diva has been begun to be utilized to allude to a lady who is difficult to be managed. Be that as it may, the diva like Fiarouz was rumored for her delicate, considerate ch aracter, liberality and typically was increasingly occupied with her profession. Characteristics of a diva: Fairouzs story of development from outrageous destitution to incredible riches contacted the core of the Arab world. The accounts of her adolescence in clothes have become the stuffs of legends. This diva who couldn't bear the cost of a radio has gotten one of the most celebrated and fruitful female vocalist ever. She began from an unassuming foundation as a tune part in radio broadcast of Lebanon. Fairouz was immediately distinguished for her one of a kind voice from the gathering and in this manner she began her excursion in the melodic world. The nostalgic and nationalistic music and the heavenly voice of Fairouz crossed the limits of countries and ages. She earned the title Safeerat Al Nojoom and Jarat Al Qamar for her expert Palestinian music. She was known as the spirit of Lebanon and Callas of Arabia. Rumi, the music executive of Lebanese radio broadcast made her lead soloist and given her the stage name, Fairouz. Fairouz showed up on Lebanese and Syrian wireless transmissions when the radio was prominently overwhelmed by the Egyptian artists. The style of her music and her novel voice represented an intelligible distinction between the conventional Egyptian music that went on for 30 minutes and her advanced, straightforward melodies, composed by her better half Individual life: In 1947, Fairouz was only 14 when Mohammad Fleifel found her and gave her confirmation in National Conservatory of Music. After that Lebanese audience members acknowledged her with full energy and this drove her gathering with the Rahbani siblings, Assi and Mansour. They were lyricist and writer of present day tunes (Burkhalter, Dickinson and Harbert 2013). The group of these three originally got the open presentation when the Rahbanis formed the tunes by receiving the advanced western tunes to Arabic melodies. In any case, this adaption was just a presentation yet they came into the spotlight for the melancholic love melodies called Itab (Allen 2012). In all structures, Fairouzs melody described with her imaginative characteristics that offered and arrived at the core of the individuals regardless of various national and social foundation. After the marriage of Fairouz and Assi, when they visited Egypt, the focal point of Arabic culture, theater, melody, and film, Fairouz again won the core of the commended authors, lyricist and movie producers. Around then she was unable to accept those proposals as she was going to conceive an offspring of Ziad, who later became writer like his dad. Effect of innovation in Fairouzs vocation: The credit of advancing Fairouz and her prosperity goes to her initial accounts and wireless transmission advancements, which was spread equal all through Middle East. The aversion could be heard in the artists voices preceding Fairouz as they couldn't associate with their audience members yet the group of Fairouz aced the expertise of recording. Thusly, the intrigue of her tunes was much more clear and she bridled herself for additional rivalries. Mohammed Abdulwahhab as of now presented the western instruments and utilization of ensembles in the Arabic music (Chen 2012). He tied a bunch with this trio and used the radio innovation at its best. Her contemporary Um Kalthoum was occupied in her dramatic exhibitions with her muddled vocals, could just arrive at the lower common laborers of Cairo though, Fairouz arrived at each family unit with her fresh and sentimental voice (Kraidy 2015). Her vinyl records resounding the wistfulness fabricated the demeanor of profound established cred ibility. Later when the Arab music world went under the impact of western music, Fairouz began to work with her child Ziad. She turned into the piece of development with Jazz music, old style customary music and the people music. Teaming up with Ziad, she captivated the new age audience members of Arab world (Mejcher-Atassi 2013). Individual and open characteristics: Fairouz had a confounding persona. She was saved and private individual and would not like to give individual meetings or appearances aside from stage exhibitions. In arranged likewise she used to stand still before the amplifier. When addressed, she communicated her stage dread as the reason for such propensity. She didn't examine anything with the media after the debates fermented up. She didn't gave any announcements for a considerable length of time. This may be seen as a piece of procedure of keeping up her picture and this outright quietness turned into a piece of her heritage. This cryptic character has made a riddle around Fairouz. Political debates influencing the profession: Fairuz's allure was culturally diverse, reached out toward the West. She had fans from Las Vegas to Paris. These fans probably won't comprehend the words, however that didn't stop her and acclaimed show lobbies were reserved. Be that as it may, in spite of such tremendous prominence, Fairouz was entrapped in the political debates during Lebanons common war in 1970 (Berg 2013). She didn't favor one side and quit acting in the Lebanese lobbies. To her, the melodies were a piece of the political activism to which, the war tired Lebanon was clung. Regardless of these contentions, during this period, she kept on communicating her adoration for brought together Lebanon. In 2008, Fairouz was praised of helping the Syrian insight administrations (Al Obeidyine 2015). A large number of the activists recommended her to boycotted and individuals needed her not to act in Damascus. She didn't give any announcement against anyone, just composed that her presentation ought to be felt from social poi nts of view for she didn't sing for the rulers yet the everyday citizens (Hongur 2016). Be that as it may, her brother by marriage Mansour guarded her choice by saying that her presentation may be a message of adoration and harmony for the Syrians from Lebanon. The disaster hurt her most when after Mansours passing his kids recorded a grievance against her. For the pieces were composed by both the siblings Assi and Mansour, she was unable to perform them without authorization. This prompted the supreme hushing of the diva. A large number of her fans including superstars traveled to Lebanon to challenge the courts orders. In 2013, her child uncovered her affection for Nasrallahs political vision, which cried discussion once more (Haugbolle 2016). In this way, from the above examination it very well may be deducted that Fairouz is one of the best imaginative character of Lebanon ever. She has engaged millions with her charming voice, enthusiastic intrigue and enthusiasm for joined Lebanon. The diva never expressed a solitary word with all due respect in any event, when she was blamed for hostile to patriotism. Regardless of she was restricted in her own nation, Lebanon was constantly present in her heart and music. References: Al Obeidyine, J., 2015. Social office imagining the country: The instance of Rahbani Brothers, Abdel Halim Caracalla the Lebanese society dance.Acta Ethnographica Hungarica,60(1), pp.61-67. Allen, M., 2012. Music for a Goddess. Berg, C., 2013. 'MUSIC'AS A POLITICAL FORCE IN ISLAMIST ORGANISATIONS.Journal of Communications Research,5(4). Burkhalter, T., Dickinson, K. also, Harbert, B.J. eds., 2013.The Arab Avant-garde: Music, Politics, Modernity. Wesleyan University Press. Chen, Y., 2012. The impact of Arab music on European music from instruments.Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology,1, p.023. Haugbolle, S., 2016. The Leftist, the Liberal, and the Space In Between: Ziad Rahbani and Everyday Ideology.Arab examines journal,24(1), p.168. Hongur, G., 2016. Music in Peace Building and Conflict Resolution: The Case of Fairouz.Current Research in Social Sciences,2(3), pp.123-129. Kraidy, M.M., 2015. The legislative issues of progressive VIP in the contemporary Arab world.Public Culture,27(1 75), pp.161-183. Mejcher-Atassi, S., 2013. Craftsmanship and Political Dissent in Postwar Lebanon: Walid Sadek's Fi Annani Akbar Min Bikasu [Bigger than Picasso].International Journal of Middle East Studies,45(3), pp.535-560. Urkevich, L., 2014.Music and Traditions of the Arabian Peninsula: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Qatar. Routledge.

The Unusual Mystery Into Essay for College Samples

The Unusual Mystery Into Essay for College Samples If quality work is all you want, you should look at giving us an opportunity to obey you and supply you with college essay help that will provide you with value for each penny you pay. My experience in college gave me the opportunity to sharpen my skills in the specialty of my pick. Our service is utilized by students all around the world. A superb education is something which all of us aspire to have. The Basics of Essay for College Samples The introduction must incorporate a concise background on the primary points of discussion, the objective of developing such work and clear indications on the way the assignment is being organized. Regardless of what's the aim of your essay, there's a preset number of points you will be expected to handle. In order to earn a point, you need to have one. The point is to make sure you communicate your information in the most suitable way possible. Essay for College Samples - the Conspirac y Learn more about the way the essay is scored. Essays are your very best friend. The essay offers you a chance to reveal how effectively you are able to read and comprehend a passage and compose an essay analyzing the passage. Biography Essays are extremely different from the autobiographical ones where the writer is the field of discussion or the book. Possessing a crystal clear and structured plan is the foundation for any very good bit of writing, and a college essay is the same. Bridget's essay is extremely strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. Possessing good essay examples provides the reader an in-depth and on-the-court idea about what a well structured and coherent essay appears like. A fantastic college essay introduction is essential to making your essay stand out, so there's lots of pressure to receive it exactly perfect. Debt, trade and globalization will likewise be analyzed as factors that resulted in escalation of the issue. As a consequence, spending money to deal with your essays could possibly be challenging. You may also speak about how you might respond differently later on. Even in the event that you land up finding one, you aren't sure of its quality or the credibility of the info. It is possible to find more in the net. Perhaps you are reluctant to find help because you were once conned by means of a scam on-line help. Generally, searching over the web for free essays are often quite challenging. The Key to Successful Essay for College Samples Running through the fundamental outline of your paper in the introduction offers readers an opportunity to preview what your paper is all about and your stance on the matter or maybe to evaluate how objective you're be. In truth, it's probably the most essential part of your essay, as it draws in the reader. There are a number of easy steps that you may take to make sure your introduction hooks the reader's interest and sets the stage for the remainder of your paper. The introduction may have tons of responsibility but that doesn't indicate you should sweat writing it. New Step by Step Roadmap for Ess ay for College Samples Our admission essay examples can prove that we're here in order to provide simply the very best assistance to assure you which you submit an application essay you can be confident in. Numerous quotations might also get the job done. A quick sentence is utilised to make the emotional resolution of the admission essay. College life includes writing essays and application letters whether you're in the business of company or literature. To offer you a remedy about how to compose an impressive college essay, here are a number of ideas you may wish to consider. Now, employing a sample college essay isn't the exact same as plagiarism. Your college application essay is the solution. The Basics of Essay for College Samples If you don't, you may actually hurt your odds of admission. If you would like to create a college essay which works, you will need to provide importance on the content you will give the admissions officer of your intended university with. If you're going to write college admission essay all on your own then don't neglect the suitable structure of the paper. An admission essay is a sort of essay that consists of student's individual statements and her or his vision of a specific college. Essay for College Samples: the Ultimate Convenience! Employing a hook that also sets you up for a typical thread throughout the essay is a remarkable method to set up flow. Writing a college essay can arrive in various forms and styles based on your taste. The structure of private statement is easier. Ultimately, the detail of real speech makes the scene pop.

A Brief Note On Professional Seminar Network Security

FA 15 - CS699D - PROFESSIONAL SEMINAR Network Security Abstract Network Security The Internet continues to grow exponentially. Personal, government, and business applications continue to multiply on the Internet, with immediate benefits to end users. However, these network-based applications and services can pose security risks to individuals and to the information resources of companies and governments. Information is an asset that must be protected. Without adequate network security, many individuals, businesses, and governments risk losing that asset. Network security is the process by which digital information assets are protected. The†¦show more content†¦Specialty areas within an industry often have their own brands of jargon, as well, and the computer security sub-field is no exception. It is not possible to provide a complete glossary of security-related terms within the scope of this chapter, but in this section, we will define some of the more common words and phrases that you may encounter as you begin to explore the fascinating world of computer security: ââ€"   Attack: In the context of computer/network security, an attack is an attempt to access resources on a computer or a network without authorization, or to bypass security measures that are in place. ââ€"   Audit: To track security-related events, such as logging onto the system or network, accessing objects, or exercising user/group rights or privileges. ââ€"   Availability of data: Reliable and timely access to data. ââ€"   Breach: Successfully defeating security measures to gain access to data or resources without authorization, or to make data or resources available to unauthorized persons, or to delete or alter computer fi les. ââ€"   Brute force attack: Attempt to â€Å"crack† passwords by sequentially trying all possible combinations of characters until the right combination works to allow access. ââ€"   Buffer: A holding area for data. ââ€"   Buffer overflow: A way to crash a system by putting more data into a buffer than the buffer is able to hold. ââ€"   CIA triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability of data. Ensuring the

Education is Necessary for Society to Function Essay

Education is a powerful tool that supplies a plethora of information to anyone who is willing to learn. There are many degrees to being an educated person as education begins at birth and ends at death. Without education, society as a whole would seize to exist; the knowledge to invent new drugs to cure different diseases would not be available, new societies would not be built, and technology could not move forward. Education supplies people with the morals, beliefs, skills, and knowledge that they can utilize throughout their lives. There is a common misconception that the education of a person begins when they enter into a school system, however, this is simply not the case. The learning process of a person begins when they enter†¦show more content†¦Generational education is an integral part of what makes the world go round. An education is thought to be a privilege in our society. There are a lot of people that cannot afford to go to college to obtain a higher educatio n. The people that cannot afford to go to college are still an important part of our society because they obtained a high degree of knowledge and life skills from their parents, guardians, or other role models in their life. There are millions of jobs in this world that are available to people that do not have a college education but do have some form of education through the knowledge they gained by graduating and earning a high school diploma. Many men in our society today work in the oil field without a college degree. Without these men, oil production would go down or stop completely. Although these men do not have college degrees, they do have some form of education. Although there are millions of jobs that do not require a college degree, there are still millions of jobs that do require a person to have a higher education through a college diploma. The people that can afford a higher education are thought to be the people that succeed in our society, such as doctors, lawyers, and a rocket scientist. It does takes a college degree to gain the knowledge and education to advance in new technology and create new societies. The scientists are a valuable part of our society because they create new drugs and treatments thatShow MoreRelatedEducation As A Social Function991 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to John Dewey education plays a large role in the development of an individual and it is an element that separates humans from other animals. It is important to try to comprehend what Dewey means by this and in order to do so the following must be done. First, one must understand the role education plays in an individual and Dewey’s notions of education in the areas of growth, direction and social function. Second, after comprehending Dewey’s notions of education in the areas of growth,Read MoreEducation in the Caribbean Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesEducation in the Caribbean According to Emille Durkheim, â€Å"Education is the acquisition of knowledge and the learning of skills. It often helps to shape beliefs and moral values.† Education is one of the very tools through which social change and transformation can be achieved. Education, and in particular the teaching of history provides a link between the student and society and also a sense of belonging. The teaching of history helps to shape an individual’s belief’sRead MoreFunctionalist And Conflict Paradigm Of The Role Schooling And Education1580 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr. once said that â€Å"the function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. Intelligence plus character – that is the goal of true education†. When we think of schooling and education and what it really entails many might assume it serves the same function. In this essay we shall elaborate on the views of the functionalist and conflict paradigm of the role schooling and education, we will also look at the differences and similarities of the two theoriesRead MoreAsses the Functionalist Role of Education in Society Essay1263 Words   |  6 Pagesfunctionalist role of education in society The role of education is to educate individuals within society and to prepare them for working life in the economy, also to integrate individuals and teach them the norms, values and roles within society. There are many different sociological theories that differ within the role of education within society that attempt to try and explain how society or aspects of society work together. There are several perspectives on the sociology of education that are importantRead MoreHeredity and Environment: Agents of Socialization Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pagesdebate over heredity versus environment continues to prevail, while researchers discover both heredity and environment equally contribute to socialization. The process of socialization is better understood when examining how heredity and environment function alone. Socialization begins in the womb and ends in the grave. Individuals learn attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for a particular culture through human interaction. We learn from those people who matter most in our lives—family membersRead MoreDifferences Between Common Sense And Sociological Explanations Of Everyday Life1538 Words   |  7 Pagesand marxists theories of society and how they believe it functions. After which I have chosen to look at the structure of education and will explain each of the theories views as to why it exists in society. I will then evaluate the two theories views on Education. Common sense is a view imposed on a society which is learnt through casual knowledge and passed down through generations (quora.com, 2017). This knowledge can be localised and is not the same through all societies. Common sense can causeRead MoreFunction of Education on Krishnamurti1555 Words   |  7 PagesFunction of Education on Krishnamurti In The Function of Education Jiddu Krishnamurti argues that the purpose of education is to prepare people for life.   That is done by making students feel free, so that they can think freely, and won’t conform to society.   Society is corrupt, violent, and oppressive.   If students don’t think freely they will also be corrupt, violent, and oppressive.   They must think freely so that they will rebel against everything that is wrong with society, so that they canRead MoreTheoretical Perspectives Essay: . Sociology Is The Scientific990 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent structures to make a society that is able to function properly. In this perspective, politics, religion, education, family and economics all work together to mold and create a society that functions smoothly. All these individual structures assemble to create and maintain equilibrium by constantly adjusting. The second perspective is known as conflict theory. This perspective is on a macro level scale as well. Although it is on a macro level scale, it sees society as being based off of competitionRead MoreDiscuss the Strengths and Weaknesses of Functionalist Explanations as Applied to the Study of Contemporary Society. Support Your Response with Details and Examples from Studies Conducted in the Caribbean on Stratification.1305 Words   |  6 Pagesapplied to the study of contemporary society. Support your response with details and examples from studies conducted in the Caribbean on stratification. Functionalism is a consensus perspective that sees society as based on shared values into which members are socialized. It sees society as like an organism, each part performing functions to maintain the system as a whole. For example, religion, the education system and the family perform socialization functions. The functionalist theory though developedRead MoreDescribe the Functionalist (Emile Durkheim), Conflict (Marxist) and Interactionist approach to the Socialization of Education.877 Words   |  4 PagesDescribe the Functionalist, Conflict and Interactionist approach to the Socialization of Education. Education - A Functionalist Perspective Emile Durkheim proposed an explicitly functionalist explanation of the role of education in society. The major function/task of education was, according to Durkheim, the transmission of society s norms and values. Durkheim considered that all societies must have means of passing on their norms and values to the young. If they did not, they could not continue

Legal Issues in the Cloud IEEE Cloud Computing

Question: Describe about the Legal Issues in the Cloud for IEEE Cloud Computing? Answer: Introduction Every organization is trying to cope up with the modern world to meet their client expectations which increase their enthusiasm to look for solutions to work in a competitive environment. Information technology equipmentand services are essential for efficient functioning of enterprise. Significant capabilities from IT attract both the customers and providers of the solution. Though to attract new business opportunities the company has to invest in innovative direction to conduct business. The invention of cloud computing is a revolutionary change in IT system and IT implementation. This technology completely changes the way in which an IT companyscale, deploy, , develop, , update,invent and maintain. This service will provide the company with many added benefits like on demand, efficiency, broad network access,self-service, elasticity, measured service and also business agility. Findings And Analysis Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a model which enableseasy on demand network access to the shared pool of customizable computer resources like, service, storage,networks, application and services which can be provided instantly and developed without the requirement of a large number of resources. In cloud computing the enterprises outsource their information to cloud storage providers at a very minimalistic rate rather than maintaining own servers which are an expensive liability to the companies and hence saves a lot of financial investment(Tari, 2014). Depending upon the service they provide cloud computing has three different broad categories Software-as-a-service provides single application to the clients through the web browser and hence the requirement to invest in software license or servers is reduced and from provider side only one application is required. Therefore a lot of money is saved in the investments. Platform-as-a-service provides the providers with a cloud environment where the customers develop application which runs on the providers environment and then delivered to the user via the internet. Infrastructure-as-a-service provides the organization to outsource the hardware equipments used to construct a support operation including storage devices, servers processors, coolers and networking components. The service provider who owns the equipment and is responsible for the maintenance of it. The clients just pay as per the usage(Sill, 2014). There are different types of model of cloud computing depends upon their usage the user and the service provider shares over the IT resources used. In the traditional model the user had almost total control over the service but in the other models it is shared limitedly due to the dependency of internet connection providers(Ranjan, 2014). There are mainly four deployment models of cloud computing Private cloud- this is for exclusive use by a single organization consisting of a multiple number of consumers. Services are available within the organization via intranet. It is safest but also the most expensive one. Community cloud- this cloud is shared by a group of communities of the same organization. Public cloud- it is provisioned for open use to the general public. Hybrid cloud- it consists multiple cloud establishment that are kept as separate entities but are bound and connected by technology that enables data and application portability(Rana, 2014). The choice of deployment model is largely based on the technological and monetary holdings of the investor and the might for risk. If the company has a setup already it can manage to build its own cloud. If the company does not have the setup but it has the financial means then also the hybrid model is suitable. But if the company doesnt have the setup as well the financial means then it should go for the public model(Martin-Flatin, 2014). Comparison Of Traditional Model With Cloud Computing Traditional Model In traditional model when any company decided to operate on its own IT infrastructure. It was forced to bear all the expenses of servers, networking, software etc. the model may not even be used up to its full capacity in the cases of companies starting in a new business venture and starting to setup clients, so the company had to bear all the expenses throughout this period. Studies have shown that companies who adapt to fast changing conditions in short time will always be more successful than its competitors. Sometimes due to traditional models requiring more time for up gradation it is not able to suffice the increasing business needs of the enterprise due to development and growth and hence it depreciates the demand factor of the companies(Khan, 2014). Cloud Based Model In the cloud based model the organization does not has to invest in the expensive infrastructure at the beginning of their venture which in turn is cheaper and saves a lot of investments for the company. During the increasing demand of clients the servers are highly flexible and provide allocation of assistance whenever required and hence further investment of time and money is saved from up gradation of infrastructure. Therefore investment in cloud computing reduces the risk of losing money on development of additional revenues and loss of customers(IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing Call for Papers, 2014). Economics Of Cloud Computing The main reasons for companies to shift from traditional techniques to cloud computing is the economic advantage. The main advantage is that one can use only what is required and pay for that itself. Building ones own IT infrastructure is very expensive and time consumable project and hence it is unbearable by most companies. For a small company to invest so much money at once is huge risk as it also decreases the financial liquidity of the company. The application of cloud computing decreases such chances by paying for only the services you need and depreciates the chances of high amount of monetary outflow during initial stages of development of the company(IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 2013). The absence of up-front capital allows capital to be re-directed to core business investment. The absence of incurred CapEx means that there will be no increase in balance sheet and therefore no decrease in return on investments. Assessment The companies can determine the total cost of a new product or system by the help of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). It involves the total cost of acquisition, installation, operation, maintenance, and disposal of the assets of a company. To present the application of TCO application we can undertake a case study where a fashion store retailer with 12 stores spread across New Zealand. They used to host their own server infrastructure to provide retail environment and point to point business which required a private network, which created problems in keeping the stores in sync. Then they decided to migrate to a cloud based solution and moved point to point sale to an online application sale backed by a cloud provider, thus gaining cost saving and no requirement of an IT infrastructure. Before using the cloud service their investment per annum excluding the hardware was about 30k $. The cloud provider would also provide them with a number of business activities like to manage email, calendar and contacts by google apps. Circulating and sharing documents by drop box. Accounting entrusted to zero. All sales platform, including back office and distribution office production is carried by platform provided by Vend(Collins, 2014). Business agility is the ability of a business to get used to rapidly and cost efficient manner according to the business ventures. Business agility is the greatest cloud benefit. Self service provisioning, workload mobility management and automation are all results of cloud computing. Though there are certain things which have to be kept in mind before investing in cloud computing like reducing operational risk, cloud management is moving the business from own management to a third party management and quality and safety is crucial. There has to be precise terms of contract made with the service provider as customers give up some control to the vendors (Choo, 2014). Conclusion This paper depicts that cloud computing idea of IT implementation has number of benefits. The model is a viable alternative to traditional management techniques. One should also go through the pros and cons of cloud computing before investing as it also has some negativities of data security and relinquishing part of operations to vendors. Cloud computing means increased economic efficiency and less control means greater economic benefits and vice versa. Still cloud computing technology should be widely investigated and based on risk analysis. References Choo, K. (2014). Legal Issues in the Cloud. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.94-96. Collins, E. (2014). Intersection of the Cloud and Big Data. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.84-85. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing Call for Papers. (2014). IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(4), pp.87-87. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing. (2013). IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 1(2), pp.229-229. Khan, S. (2014). Elements of Cloud Adoption. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.71-73. Martin-Flatin, J. (2014). Challenges in Cloud Management. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.66-70. Rana, O. (2014). The Costs of Cloud Migration. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.62-65. Ranjan, R. (2014). The Cloud Interoperability Challenge. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(2), pp.20-24. Sill, A. (2014). Cloud Standards and the Spectrum of Development. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(3), pp.15-19. Tari, Z. (2014). Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing. IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.54-57.

Battle of Fort Sumter in the American Civil War

Battle of Fort Sumter in the American Civil War The Battle of Fort Sumter was fought April 12-14, 1861, and was the opening engagement of the American Civil War. In the wake of President Abraham Lincolns election in November 1860, the state of South Carolina began debating secession. On December 20, a vote was taken in which the state decided to leave the Union. Over the next several weeks, South Carolinas lead was followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. As each state left, local forces began seizing federal installations and property. Among those military installations to hold out were Forts Sumter and Pickens in Charleston, SC and Pensacola, FL. Concerned that aggressive action could lead the remaining slave states to secede, President James Buchanan elected not to resist the seizures.   Situation in Charleston In Charleston, the Union garrison was led by Major Robert Anderson. A capable officer, Anderson was a protà ©gà © of General Winfield Scott, the noted Mexican-American War commander. Placed in command of the Charleston defenses on November 15,1860, Anderson was a native of Kentucky who had formerly owned slaves. In addition to his even temperament and skills as an officer, the administration hoped his appointment would be viewed as a diplomatic gesture. Arriving as his new post, Anderson immediately faced heavy pressure from the local community as he attempted to improve the Charleston fortifications. Based at Fort Moultrie on Sullivans Island, Anderson was dissatisfied with its landward defenses which had been compromised by sand dunes.   Nearly as tall as the forts walls, the dunes could have facilitated any potential attack on the post. Moving to have the dunes cleared away, Anderson quickly came under fire from the Charleston newspapers and was criticized by city leaders. Forces and Commanders Union Major Robert Anderson85 men Confederate Brigadier General P.G.T. BeauregardAbout 500 men A Near Siege As the final weeks of the fall progressed, tensions in Charleston continued to rise and the garrison of the harbor forts was increasingly isolated. Additionally, the South Carolina authorities placed picket boats in the harbor to observe the activities of the soldiers. With the secession of South Carolina on December 20, the situation facing Anderson grew more grave. On December 26, feeling that his men would not be safe if they remained at Fort Moultrie, Anderson ordered them to spike its guns and burn the carriages. This done, he embarked his men in boats and directed them to sail out to Fort Sumter. Located on a sand bar at the mouth of the harbor, Fort Sumter was believed to be one of the strongest fortresses in the world. Designed to house 650 men and 135 guns, construction of Fort Sumter had begun 1827 and was still not complete. Andersons actions enraged Governor Francis W. Pickens who believed that Buchanan had promised that Fort Sumter would not be occupied. In actuality, Buchanan had made no such promise and had always carefully crafted his correspondence with Pickens to allow maximum flexibility of action in regard to the Charleston harbor forts. From Andersons standpoint, he was simply following orders from Secretary of War John B. Floyd which instructed him to shift his garrison to whichever fort you may deem most proper to increase its power of resistance should fighting commence. Despite this, the leadership of South Carolina viewed Andersons actions to be a breach of faith and demanded that he turn over the fort. Refusing, Anderson and his garrison settled in for what essentially became a siege. Resupply Attempts Fail In an effort to resupply Fort Sumter, Buchanan ordered the ship Star of the West to proceed to Charleston. On January 9, 1861, the ship was fired upon by Confederate batteries, manned by cadets from the Citadel, as it attempted to enter the harbor. Turning to depart, it was hit by two shells from Fort Moultrie before escaping. As Andersons men held the fort through February and March, the new Confederate government in Montgomery, AL debated how to handle the situation. In March, newly elected Confederate President Jefferson Davis placed Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard in charge of the siege. Working to improve his forces, Beauregard conducted drills and training to teach the South Carolina militia how to operate the guns in the other harbor forts. On April 4, having learned that Anderson only had food to last until the fifteenth, Lincoln ordered a relief expedition assembled with an escort provided by the US Navy. In an attempt to ease tensions, Lincoln contacted South Carolina Governor Francis W. Pickens two days later and informed him of the effort. Lincoln stressed that as long as the relief expedition was allowed to proceed, only food would be delivered, however, if attacked, efforts would be made to reinforce the fort. In response, the Confederate government decided to open fire on the fort with the goal of forcing its surrender before the Union fleet could arrive. Alerting Beauregard, he dispatched a delegation to the fort on April 11 to again demand its surrender. Refused, further discussions after midnight failed to resolve the situation. Around 3:20 a.m. on April 12, Confederate authorities alerted Anderson that they would open fire in one hour. The Civil War Begins At 4:30 a.m. on April 12, a single mortar round fired by Lieutenant Henry S. Farley burst over Fort Sumter signaling the other harbor forts to open fire. Anderson did not reply until 7:00 when Captain Abner Doubleday fired the first shot for the Union. Low on food and ammunition, Anderson endeavored to protect his men and minimize their exposure to danger. As a result, he restricted them to only using the forts lower, casemated guns which were not situated to effectively damage the other harbor forts. Bombarded for thirty-four hours, Fort Sumters officers quarters caught on fire and its main flag pole was felled. While Union troops were rigging a new pole, the Confederates dispatched a delegation to inquire if the fort was surrendering. With his ammunition almost exhausted, Anderson agreed to a truce at 2:00 PM on April 13. Prior to evacuating, Anderson was permitted to fire a 100-gun salute to the US flag. During this salute a pile of cartridges caught fire and exploded, killing Private Daniel Hough and mortally wounding Private Edward Galloway. The two men were the only fatalities to occur during the bombardment. Surrendering the fort at 2:30 p.m. on April 14, Andersons men were later transported to the relief squadron, then offshore, and placed aboard the steamer Baltic. Aftermath of the Battle Union losses in the battle numbered two killed and the loss of the fort while the Confederates reported four wounded. The bombardment of Fort Sumter was the opening battle of the Civil War and launched the nation into four years of bloody fighting. Anderson returned north and toured as a national hero. During the war, several attempts were made to recapture the fort with no success. Union forces finally took possession of the fort after Major General William T. Shermans troops captured Charleston in February 1865. On April 14, 1865, Anderson returned to the fort to re-hoist the flag he had been forced to lower four years earlier.

The Story and Lyrics Behind The First Noel in French

The Story and Lyrics Behind The First Noel in French Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux is the French version of The First Noel. The two are sung to the same tune, but the words are different. The translation given here is the literal translation of the Christmas carol Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux. The song has been covered by a variety of popular French artists, including Michaà «l, but the French version of The First Noel is most commonly sung today by a church and lay choirs.   The History of The First Noel   The First Noel very likely began as a song that was passed along orally and sung in the streets outside of churches, since early Christian congregants participated little in the Catholic mass. The term Noà «l  in the French version (Noel in English) apparently  derives from a Latin word for news. Thus, the song is about a crier, in this case, an angel, spreading the good news that Jesus Christ (le Roi des Cieux) is born.   Although thought to be a 18th-century English carol, the  structure of The First Noel resembles that of medieval French epic poems, chansons de geste  like La Chanson de Roland memorializing the Charlemagne legends; these poems were likewise not written down. The song was not transcribed until 1823 when it was published in London as part of an early anthology called  Some Ancient Christmas Carols. The English title appears in The Cornish Songbook (1929), which could mean The First Noel originated in Cornwall, situated across the Channel from France.   Christmas hymns, on the other hand, were written down as early as the 4th century A.D. in the form of  Latin songs glorifying the concept of Jesus Christ as the son of God, an important element of orthodox Christian theology at the time.  Many hymns were drawn, for instance, from the 12  long poems of the fourth-century Roman poet and jurist Aurelius Clemens  Prudentius. French Lyrics and English Translation Here is the French version of The First Noel and the English translation:Aujourdhui le Roi des Cieux au milieu de la nuitVoulut naà ®tre chez nous de la Vierge MariePour sauver le genre humain, larracher au pà ©chà ©Ramener au Seigneur ses enfants à ©garà ©s.Today the King of Heaven in the middle of the nightWas born on Earth of the Virgin MaryTo save the human race, pull it from sinReturn the Lords lost children to him.Noà «l, Noà «l, Noà «l, Noà «l Jà ©sus est nà ©, chantons Noà «l  !Noel, Noel, Noel, NoelJesus is born, let us sing Noel!En ces lieux durant la nuit demeuraient les bergersQui gardaient leurs troupeaux dans les champs de Judà ©eOr, un ange du Seigneur apparut dans les cieuxEt la gloire de Dieu resplendit autour deux.In these parts during the night stayed the shepherdsWho kept their flocks in Judeas fieldsNow, an angel of the Lord appeared in the skiesAnd the glory of God glowed around them.RefrainRefrainLange dit :  « Ne craignez pas ; soyez tous dans la joieUn Sauveur vous est nà ©, cest le Christ, votre RoiPrà ¨s dici, vous trouverez dans là ©table, couchà ©Dun lange emmaillotà ©, un enfant nouveau-nà ©Ã‚  Ã‚ ».The angel said, Do not fear; everyone be joyfulA Savior is born to you, its Christ, your KingNearby, you will find in the stable, put to bedWrapped up in a flannel blanket, a newborn child.RefrainRefrain